Individual Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Individual - Case Study Example As far as its tasks system, Whole Foods is utilizing a market-drove procedure which showed by its fluctuating store size, format and plan that is generally reliant on the specific site and building design and the store’s target customers. Ongoing turns of events and conditions in the common and natural nourishments portion of the food retailing industry, for example, the USDA naming measures for natural items and the post 2000 expanded deals of regular and natural nourishments at ordinary U.S. grocery stores than in the nation’s characteristic nourishments stores have expanded industry rivalry. Entire Foods advancement of new stores and obtaining of others guarantees the organization keeps on expanding its piece of the overall industry which gives it muscle to all the more likely face the rising rivalry. Additionally, the company’s fluctuating store configuration, size and item assortment expands its market situating among its objective customer base. Entire Foods procedure is in this manner all around coordinated to meet these ongoing turns of events and conditions. John Mackey’s key vision is for Whole Foods to turn into a national brand and be viewed as the best food retailer in each network it served. This is a decent key vision for two fundamental reasons. Initially, the pattern towards organics is still in its early stages and as such to expand incomes and productivity the association needs to seek after market advancement. For advertise advancement over the United States to be compelling Whole Foods would require national marking. Furthermore, Whole Foods needs to contend with huge built up retailers that have enormous dissemination systems, for example, Wal-Mart and Costco that are progressively pulled in to the regular and natural food industry. With a developing business sector it is increasingly judicious for Whole Foods to quickly pick up piece of the overall industry so as to go up against these â€Å"more-resourced† contenders. Basic beliefs

Research design in psychology-week 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research structure in brain science week 5 - Essay Example Potential research inquiries to the extent the quantitative methodology towards tending to the issue of adolescent wrongdoing can be spellbinding, prescient or easygoing. An enlightening inquiry for this quantitative research can be ‘What is the connection between the social condition and adolescent crime?†. A prescient inquiry can be â€Å"Does the social condition foresee the juveniles’ capacity to enjoy crime?† An easygoing inquiry which analyzes the various varieties of a wonder to recognize the reason for something can be â€Å"does variety in presentation to various social situations produce an adjustment in a juvenile’s capacity to perpetrate offences?† These exploration questions can be tended to by either constraining the extent of the examination to specific components of the social condition like elements of the family, network support or the impact of the media and music. A potential theory for embracing a quantitative way to deal w ith this territory could be transferred in the accompanying manner: â€Å"If the social condition affects adolescent wrongdoing, at that point there should be a perceptible connection between's different social factors in the lives of adolescents and their rate on criminal behavior.† A breakdown of the elements that establish to the social condition, (for example, abusive behavior at home, substance misuse, peer weight or tutoring and so on) can be utilized as free factors whose relationship should be resolved on adolescent misconduct (the dependant variable). Taking a gander at the exploration by receiving a subjective methodology the conceivable potential research question one may ask is ‘What job does the social condition assume a job in the lives of adolescents and their capacity to carry out crimes?† Other research questions identifying with the current issue could be ‘Why do adolescents perpetrate crimes?’ or ‘How can adolescent wrongdoing be prevented?’ or something like that while our quantitative methodology will in general see whether there is a potential connection between our two characterized factors the subjective methodology will examine this relationship and go into its profundity. Subjective research will investigate and assess the criminal conduct of adolescents through a social learning point of view. Despite the fact that in subjective research we don't utilize amounts, they can be utilized to demonstrate or invalidate a theory, anyway essentially it is utilized to assemble and break down information. Assets Creswell, J. (2009). Research structure: Qualitative, quantitative and blended strategies draws near. (third ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications,

How ADHD Can Affect Peer Relationships

How ADHD Can Affect Peer Relationships ADHD School Print How ADHD Can Affect Peer Relationships Ways ADHD Related Difficulties Can Affect Social Behaviors By Keath Low Keath Low, MA, is a therapist and clinical scientist with the Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities at the University of North Carolina. She specializes in treatment of ADD/ADHD. Learn about our editorial policy Keath Low Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 19, 2019 ADHD Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Living With In Children Wan Mohd Saifudin W Ibrahim / EyeEm / Getty Images Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience problems in their relationships with peers. As a parent, it can be very difficult to see your child struggle to make and keep friends. You may find that your son or daughter is not receiving invitations to birthday parties of classmates and is seldom asked for play dates or sleepovers. For your child, this rejection and isolation can be doubly painful over time. In order for friendships to grow and be maintained, a child must be able to control impulses, take turns, cooperate, share, listen, be empathetic, attentive and focused, communicate effectively with others, be aware of and respond to social cues, and have an ability to problem-solve situations and resolve conflicts as they ariseâ€"all skill areas that can be challenging for a child with ADHD. How ADHD Related Difficulties Affect Social Behaviors Children with ADHD often interact in ways that can provoke negative reactions from peers. Some may try to dominate play or engage in ways that are too aggressive, demanding, and intrusive. They may have trouble joining in with peers in the things their peers like to do. Instead, they may want to make their own set of rules, or engage in bossy, unfair or non-compliant ways, and generally may have a hard time knowing how to cooperate with other kids the same age. Many kids with ADHD have a hard time picking up on and reading social cues. Others may become bored easily, get distracted and check out on friends. Problems with attention and self-control can interfere with opportunities to acquire social skills through observational learning. Many kids with ADHD also have a hard time managing difficult feelings and can very quickly become overwhelmed, frustrated, and emotionally reactive. Impulsive reactions, hyperactive, or distracted behaviors may be viewed as not only frustrating and irritating, but also as insensitive to the needs of others, and so the child is further avoided and rejected and deemed less and less likable within the group. Skills Learned From Peer Groups Experiences and relationships within a peer group can have a profound effect on a childs development. Through these connections, a child learns how to have reciprocal friendships and how to make and maintain healthy relationships with others. Through peer groups, a child learns the rules and skills of social exchange including cooperation, negotiation, and conflict resolution. Unfortunately, symptoms of ADHD can impair a childs ability to observe, understand, and respond to his or her social environment. Because of difficulties with self-control, many kids with ADHD tend to react without thinking through the consequences of their behavior or of the impact their behavior can have on others around them. In addition, they can have a hard time learning from past experiences. This disruptive or insensitive behavior is often viewed as purposeful and deliberate; as a result, the child with ADHD may be labeled as a troublemaker and be further avoided and quickly rejected by the wider group. Once stuck with such a label, it can become even more difficult for the child to overcome this negative reputation and connect positively with peers even as he or she begins to make positive changes in social skills. Some kids with ADHD isolate themselves because of repeated failures in friendships, feelings of wariness and reticence with others, and plummeting feelings of self-confidence. Problems are then compounded because when children avoid or disengage from others, they no longer have opportunities to learn adaptive skills, and as a result, they develop ever lower peer competencies. These deficits in social skills can certainly take a toll and have a negative effect on a child as he or she grows and moves into adolescence and adulthood. A Word From Verywell If your child is struggling with peer relationships, know that it is important that you target peer problems directly and over the long term. The good news is that you can help your child develop these social skills and competencies. Being aware of the social difficulties that can be associated with ADHD and understanding how your childs own ADHD is negatively impacting his or her relationships is the first step. With this information, you can then begin to move forward in a solution-focused way to help your child develop positive social and friendship skills.

My Freshman Year Of High School Was The Year Of The 2008

My freshman year of high school was the year of the 2008 presidential election, it was during this election cycle of Obama and McCain that I fell in love with politics. While I was in high school, I decided that I wanted to major in political science and become a public servant. Thus, my dream job was to run and be elected to the United States Congress. When participating in the requirements for the Garnet and Gold Scholars Society, I realized that my experiences in services, leadership, and having an internship have greatly complemented each other on the fact that they involve some form of politics and working with or for a public servant. This is because, I completed my internship requirement with the Al Lawson for Congress Campaign, I†¦show more content†¦In the beginning, I thought that a ton of people worked on a campaign and that it was very difficult to work there, because there was a lot of previous knowledge and experiences needed. However, I learned after interning there that the staff is very small, and that the two biggest focus in a campaign are fundraising in the beginning and then field work at the end. Field work is basically canvassing, phone banking, placing out yard signs, and attending events. The reason why these task is so important is because it is the easiest and cheapest way to get the name of the candidate out to voters. Without field work the large majority of consitiuents wouldn’t know who the candidate is and what office they are running for, in addition when meeting with voters I could talk to them about why I wanted to vote for Al Lawson, what his platforms where, and answering any questions that they had. Hopefully, after they finished speaking with me on election day they would be more likely to vote for him. Through my experiences in services, leadership, and my internship, I have learned how important it is to be involved as a leader in the betterment of my community, while actively pursuing an activity that I was passionate about, because only through passion could I find enjoyment in what I was doing. I absolutely loved my internship, my volunteer work, and my leadership role as the Director of Policy with the CampaignShow MoreRelatedCollege Education : High School College886 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Freshman myth†, the freshman myth is high school seniors that get affected by the transition from college life. They are overly optimistic and confident in their ability to manage the challenges they will encounter in college. This freshman myth being blamed on by high school because in high school there is no help preparing students for the transition from high school to college, giving future students high expectation on academic, social and personal experiences for when entering college. ButRead MorePersonal Statement : My Son945 Words   |  4 PagesWithin this particular question I have chosen to examine my son, who is fourteen years of age and just beginning his freshman y ear of high school. In addition, also to be examined will be my daughter, who is seventeen (17) years of age and is just beginning her freshman year of college. Upon examining my son he is a very carefree, smart, caring child; never asked for much nor to go many places, he is a golfer and plays for the high school golf team. From the time that he has been born he has beenRead MoreThe Year Round At The Age Of Five970 Words   |  4 PagesFrom the age of five, I grew up swimming year round in Fremont, California. Many people may not know where Fremont is, however most of us have heard of Silicon Valley in the San Francisco Bay Area. Fremont is about twenty-five minutes from the heart of Silicon Valley. I honestly cannot recall what lead me to start swimming year round at the age of five, however I knew from a very young age that swimming would be a big part of my life. I had four different swim coaches growing up and two of themRead MoreI Am A Great Worker, Wife, And Mother Essay937 Words   |  4 Pageschosed my life partner twenty years ago, I involved all the institutions of my home country to secure my marriage. What did I do? How did I maintained my relationship with my family? Throughout this essay, I’ll focus on answering these questions in details through my cultural background and additional theories. My family, the Djidjoho’s, is made up of six members, Pierre, Marlene, Jean- Mary, Sena, Raoul, and I. Pierre, my husband is about my age. Marlene, my eldest daughter is eighteen years old andRead MoreLeadership Self Assessment : Ronald Reagan1540 Words   |  7 PagesRonald Reagan once said, â€Å"the greatest leader is not necessarily the one who does the greatest things, he is the one that gets the people to do the greatest things.† This quote by our past president, Ronald Reagan, relates to my experiences with leadership. Throughout high school I experienced democratic leadership though playing sports like field hockey and track. I have also experienced leadership during small group projects, as well as being a leader of an organization on a college campus. ThroughRead MoreBecoming A Successful And Responsible Adult1377 Words   |  6 PagesExcitement, confidence, and future are three words that are associated when someone is transitioning from high school to coll ege. Another three words people do not like to think of when it comes to college are stress, time management, and workload. 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Coming from my background living in Northern California going to schools where students were so similar. I came to Southern California with no idea of the cultures in the area. Glendale seemed like a nice place to live and it is for a big city. The culture of the area and the culture of my school site were nothing like anything I had seen before. What is culture? I found this definition very helpfulRead MoreMy Personal Identity1107 Words   |  5 Pages Christianity has been my religion for about 13 years, and has aided in my development of a healthy personal identity. Unlike race or family, this is a part of my identity that I chose to take part in. Similar to many people, I have been judged before because of parts of my identity, such as being biracial (half African-American and half Caucasian), or coming from a low-income family, and unfortunately, my religion is another part of my identity that others have found to be comical and have stereotypedRead MorePersonal Narrative Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesepisode in my life, I think about the unexpected things that have happened. However something out of the ordinary â€Å"tickled my fancy†. After all my years of thinking it was impossible, the improvable became reality. Now just for a second I want you to sit back, relax, and enjoy my journey of becoming Stud ent Body President. Although it was not an easy task it was quite interesting. So, let’s go back about three years (my freshman year that is)

Classical Approach Of Management Based On Their Type Of...

Every company has a unique style of management based on their type of business and their operation. Some of them are willing to take risks, some are at the top of the data, some focus on their employee relations, and others have the ability to innovate. Based on what is their headline practice, they styles of managements ranked between, Best Practicers, Data Champions, Controllers, Classics, and Forward Thinkers. The place that I have been working for many years Yata (fictitious company name) is a sales focus organization, and based on those categories, it falls in the classic styles. â€Å"Classical approach of management focuses on sale, and they belief that employees have only economy and physical needs. Job satisfaction either doesn’t†¦show more content†¦At Yata, the management team is watching you closely that you don’t get full-time hours because they don’t want to give any type of benefits or insurance. Your value to them is only the labor work and productivity. It doesn’t bother them if you are short on maintaining your monthly budget because they are cutting their ours which ultimately increase their benefits . All they check is you are not working more hours than they want you to work. In this management type obviously regular team member has absolutely no contribution to the decision making or any knowledge of the profit that the company is making. The team member don’t get that much of salary raise annually either. Freedman, D., Villano, M. Horwitz, C. As far as the planning and innovation go, in this type of companies leadership has no innovation. They just follow whatever they are being told. So, whatever the district managers or their bosses see through the routine visits and tells them; they have to follow. I work at one specialized department of this company. I have my own direct manager whom I work with on daily basis. Ms. XX is my direct manager who has an academic degree on what she is doing. To me she is very good manager or a good leader. She is responsible for her little area to make it the most productive and to its best look. Between all the five styles of the management she is more â€Å"Participative† than any other type. She gives her employees the power of theShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Studies And Management Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pages Assessment No 1 Individual Essay Dispatched by and prepared for: HRM3008 Organisational Change B.A (Hons) Business and Management (Cohort 5) October 2014 Module Submitted By: Kavita Dhawan (UON ID 14439311) INTRODUCTION Management has been proficient a long time period. Organized endeavors focused by people accountable for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling undertakings have occurred for thousands of yearsRead MoreClassical Management Approach During The 19th Century1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe classical management approach emerged during the 19th and 20th century. 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These classical theoristsRead MoreThe Management Of An Organization1607 Words   |  7 PagesManagement is found everywhere you go and without realizing people are somewhat managers themselves even if they don t hold a management position in their job such as, taking care of the household. Management can be simply defined as taking care of things and people, and managers are the people who ensure this. (Pyle, G 2015) There are different types of Managers in an organisation and this is referred as the management hierarchy which include: Top-level managers, which are the board directors andRead MoreManaging Business Assignment992 Words   |  4 PagesLearning Outcomes You should be able to: Appreciate the different management theory and practice from the era of scientific management to contingency theory. Demonstrate knowledge of the underlying concepts and principles related to entrepreneurial and management activities. 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Without successful management any organisation will struggle to succeed in today’s competitive business world. But what is the best approach for managers to take? How can employers use the idea of motivation within their management approach, to achieve a true competitive advantage? From the moment that the labour shortage hit the United States of America, during the industrial revolution, back in the early 1900s, theoristsRead MoreThe Importance Of Management At Mcdonald s And Google Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesIn what ways are management of companies different or how are they similar to one another? And what is the importance of management in how a company runs nowadays? Many of us question about why knowing the history of management is important to Managers? According to (Samson et al, 2012, Page 53) â€Å"A historical perspective provides a broader way of thinking; a way of searching for pa tterns and determining whether they recur across time periods.† In the history of management, many trends have appearedRead MoreContemporary Issues Of Leadership : Paradox Of Strength Based Leadership1686 Words   |  7 PagesContemporary issues in leadership: paradox of strength based leadership Leadership is the most practiced aspect of an organization but yet the most dynamic and complex phenomenon. Humans are gregarious beings and tend to consciously or unconsciously form groups whenever they meet. Much scholarly work have been in human extraversion in informal groups but yet changing time and behavior demand that groups be considered for their particular qualities in its environment in a time that information aboutRead MoreTheories Of Management And Management1721 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Management exists in business and human organizations; it is the set of tasks, activities leading to achieve a common desired objectives through people and resources. Management takes place within a structured organizational scenery with specified roles. It is the framework to what management is all about. Classical school Taylor, Fayol, Weber, HR School Hawthorne, Chester Barnard Blake Mouton’s, Mayo. Classical management school had three mainstreams namely Classical Scientific school

To what extent is Congress the broken branch of American politics Free Essays

Introduction In recent years Americans’ opinion of Congress has reached historic lows (BBC News Online: 22.11.2011). We will write a custom essay sample on To what extent is Congress the broken branch of American politics? or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is this worrying indictment which has led Thomas Mann to assert that Congress is the broken branch of the US tripartite political system (Mann: 2006). Aside from this lack of confidence in the collective body of their elected representatives, which some Americans have condemned as wasteful and self-serving, there is also uncertainty as to whether it is fulfilling its constitutional role (Storey: 2007: 271). It was intended that it should operate alongside the other political branches – the executive and the judiciary – to enact legislation and keep in check the other component parts of government. Today its legislative role has largely been passed to the executive, though it maintains responsibility for revenue raising measures. This essay will argue that whilst some aspects of Congress might indeed by condemned as broken, it is still performing, with success, a variety of tasks that it has been charged with. In order to demonstrate this, the two reasons for Congres s’ supposed failure outlined above will be examined one by one and balanced against counter-arguments. This approach will suggest that in many ways it is functioning competently and in accordance with the role it has been assigned. When devising the Constitution the Founding Fathers bestowed upon Congress the task of ‘keeping the other branches of government within their constitutional boundaries’. Integral to this was the forging of new policies. As time has progressed it has become apparent that the executive branch of government is capable of performing this role far more effectively (Storey: 271). In contrast Congress has the reputation of inhibiting legislative progress because it has a complicated and time consuming method of processing bills (Mckay: 2009: 194). This issue stems from its practice of referring proposed legislation to its system of standing and select committees. These committees, consisting of a small number of Members of Congress who debate and investigate various specialist matters passed to them, are party-controlled and effectively set the policy agenda by having the power to bury bills. Less than 10% of bills submitted for their consideration make it to the next stage of the approval process (McKay: 194) In addition each bill has to be handed over to both the Senate and the House of Representatives with their own individual committees and votes for it to pass through before becoming law. The difficulties presented by this extensive process are compounded by the ascendancy of partisan politics which dominates contemporary Congresses and the committee system. Cross-party negotiation and deal breaking has become increasingly difficult and protracted because both the political ideology of the Democrats and the Republicans has polarized. (Mckay: 196,209) The impact of this on the legislative process was keenly seen during the Autumn of 2011 when the US Federal deficit threatened to exceed its $14t ceiling. Quick and decisive action was required to introduce cost-cutting measures but the stark policy differences between the Democrats and the Republicans meant that the joint-committee who had been assigned the task of recommending a solution to this pending problem failed to come to any agreement, placing their country on the brink of financial disaster (BBC News Online: 22.11.2011). Conversely, Congress’ limited influence the legislative agenda and the fact it makes lawmaking difficult is, Storey argues, constitutionally appropriate. This is because the Founding Fathers would approve of legislative barriers, as part of Congress’ constitutional role is to ‘limit the overall scope of the national government, including the influence of Congress itself’ (Storey: 271). It follows that the more laws there are, the more responsibilities the government acquires (if only to administer them). The fundamental purpose of the division of political power between the federal and state governments, and between the presidency, Congress and the judiciary, is designed to keep in check the authority of each one of these governmental components. Yet, it has been the trend for the federal government to expand in scope and this undermines the carefully designed, constitutional balance of the political system (Storey: 272) To label Congress ‘broken’ on the grounds of constitutional failings is, however, to overlook the role it plays in overseeing the activities of the executive. Storey champions this aspect of Congress which he believes has been effective (Storey: 277). There is certainly evidence to suggest that in recent years this is indeed the case. Following the 2006 elections and the new Democratic majority in Congress there was an upsurge in the number of investigations held into potential presidential abuses of power (Mann: 2010: 123). It is important though when putting this argument forward in defence of Congress’ ‘broken’ nature to recognize that oversight is task which has its own limitations. Congress still have difficulty obtaining from the Whitehouse the various documentation and witnesses they need to carry out their investigations thoroughly, and the number of hearings conducted is minimal (McKay: 200). Crucial in conditioning the low opinion poll results received by Congress is the view that it serves interest groups, lobbyists and members’ self-interest before the needs of the nation (Burnstein: 2009: 164). Additionally, earmarks, the allocation of funding for constituency-based projects, have soared. This is illustrated by the 2005 peak of 13,492 schemes which amounted to almost $16b worth of federal money (Mann: 125). Whilst the success most Senators have in directing funds towards their own districts indicates there is mutual interest in letting this practice continue, the perception held by many Americans is that this preoccupation with winning lucrative contracts is promotes wasteful spending (Storey: 272). This is because earmarks have a reputation for encouraging pointless expenditure, an example of which is the Alaskan â€Å"bridge to nowhere† (Mann: 125). However, this characterisation of Congress as a â€Å"market for legislation† and the notion that Members of Congress work on behalf of lobbyist is, Burnstein argues, fundamentally wrong. Whilst not denying that they do listen to the wealthy members of their districts, or that they hold talks with interest groups, they themselves are running Congress, not the people who attempt to sway them (Burnstein: 164-172). To support this assertion Burnstein cites the research of political science and economic academics which have repeatedly reached the same conclusion – that campaign contributions or lobbying has little influence on policy (Burnstein: 165). There are several likely reasons why this is the case including the fact that lobbyists have limited access to members of Congress who in fact generally vote in accordance with their own political ideology. Furthermore, even if lobbyists succeeded in bringing Congress men and women round to their cause, the number of swayed me mbers is usually too small to radically reshape the outcome of important votes (Burnstein: 66). Given these hurdles to buying policy decisions why do Americans believe Congress is so willing to be bribedFor Burnstein the answer is simple; ‘people tend to remember the egregious but atypical cases of apparent influence’ (Burnstein: 166). This certainly seems to be a viable assessment of the situation because Congress, in actuality, accurately reflects the mood and desires of the nation – a result of a close congressperson-constituency relationship (McKay: 208). Furthermore, Congress has taken marked steps to rid itself of the influence of lobbyists. After the Democrats won the Congress majority in 2006 they prioritized ethics, lobbying and earmark reform. The Democratic Party rule packages which ensued restricted use of corporate jets and privately financed travel, placed a ban on gifts and meals paid for by lobbyists, forced disclosure of the campaign finance activities of lobbyists and promoted earmark transparency. Two weeks later the Senate passed its own version of this rule package which was soon followed by a Bill in the House of Representatives. Therefore, to levy a charge of corruption against Congress is somewhat unjustified, though that is not to deny financial enticements are accepted on occasions and, as the pervasiveness of earmarks suggests, the self-interest of constituencies worked towards. Having outlined the dominant criticisms which surround Congress’ characterization as ‘the broken branch of American politics’, it is evident that it is neither as corrupt nor as inept as this statement first implies. Undoubtedly Congress does have its limitations. It is open to the influence of lobbyists and there is strong evidence that its members are keen to secure investment in their own districts at the expense of the federal budget. Its partisan politics inhibits the legislative process as policy agreement is hard to negotiate. On the other hand Congress has taken steps to rectify some of these issues, especially regarding its own ethical operation. Its role as overseer is one it takes seriously and this aspect of its constitutional assignment, though limited, is far from being broken. In general Americans have a very positive attitude towards their own members which implies that as representatives, individual Congresspersons are performing well (Mckay: 209 ). Where the real problem lies is in its deep and deepening political divisions. This renders Congress inept at functioning as a unified body and acting in the national interest, something which has a critical impact on its ability to respond to pressing situations. Bibliography BBC News Online, ‘US ‘super-committee’ fails to reach deficit deal’, 22.11.2011 accessed [26.03.2012] Burnstein, P., ‘Is Congress really for sale?’, in R. M. Valelly (ed.), Princeton readings in American politics, Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 2009 Mann, T., The broken branch: How congress is failing America and how to get it back on track, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2006 Mann, T., ‘Congress’, in G. Pelle, C. Bailey and B. Cain (eds.), Developments in American Politics 6, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2010 McKay, D., American society and politics, 7th ed., Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, 2009 Storey, W., US Government and politics, Edinburgh University Press, 2007 How to cite To what extent is Congress the broken branch of American politics?, Essay examples

Land of Cokaygne free essay sample

The poem that I will study is entitled the Land Of Cokaygne and it belongs to the â€Å"Kildare poems†. The Kildare poems are a group of sixteen poems written in an Irish dialect of Middle English and dated to the mid-14th century. Together with a second, shorter set of poems in the so-called Loscombe Manuscript, they constitute the first and most important linguistic document of the early development of Irish English in the centuries after the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland. The poems have religious and satirical contents. They are preserved in a single manuscript in the British Library, where they are scattered between a number of Latin and Old French texts. The conventional modern designation Kildare poems refers both to the town of Kildare in Ireland, which has been proposed as their likely place of origin, and to the name of the author of at least one of the poems, who calls himself Michael (of) Kildare. We will write a custom essay sample on Land of Cokaygne or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The authors or compilers were probably Franciscan monks So what is a land of Cockaygne : it is a medieval mythical land of plenty, an imaginary place of extreme luxury and ease where physical comforts and pleasures are always immediately at hand and where the harshness of medieval peasant life does not exist. So it’s actually a utopian world. t’s a theme or a world that belongs to the European folklore Some critics focused on its Irish provenance and according to them the poems have some relationship with the Old French Fabliau de Cocagne (1250) and the Middle Dutch Dit is van date dele Land van Cockaengen ( but in don’t have the date) This poem is seen as a satire, a parody and a burlesque text. We can actually say that his text is also content some element of Utopia because it deals with a sort of mythic world which is better than Heaven. This theme is not something new because according to Professor Bella Millet, it comes from three main traditions: * The classical tradition: and we can refer to True History by Lucian, a Greek work of the second century AD which deals with a comical paradise full of drinks, food and women * The Christian tradition: we can refer to Alexander the Great’s description of the Heaven and the Earthly Paradise * The Goliardic tradition too: one Latin poem of the twelfth century (Carmina Burana 222) is spoken an abbot of Cockaygne who presides over drinking and gambling, and the descriptions of the two abbeys in Cockaygne, which invert the usual norms of religious life, echo themes found elsewhere in Goliardic poetry According to Wim Tigges, who makes an interesting paper on the Land of Cokaygne ( that I used in order to do my presentation) the poem is based or develops some variants of the Other World which are : * the land of fair ease whose bliss consists in a superfluity of food an d drinks. This land is separated from the outside world by an unpleasant obstacle * the earthly Paradise of the Christian legend the Celtic myths of the blessed isles : a land, traditionally located near the place where the sun sets, to which the souls of the good were taken to enjoy a life of eternal bliss. OXFORD ENGLISH DICTIONARY * There is also an echo to the fabulous western island described in the Old Irish Travelogues and it seems to be parodied in the text * Some account of the Golden Age : it echoes the Ovid’s Metamorphoses * It’s based also on the medieval tradition of the locus amoenus ( I will give a def. latter) * And , The notion of the cloister as a paradise We will know focus on the text which is composed of several parts and we will see that the poem is actually a folk-tall based on satire and irony. In this first part, the poem opens on the description of the Land of Cockaygne, a land that seems to be better that Heaven as we see line 3 to 6 : â€Å"no place on earth compares to this – for sheer delightfulness and bliss – thought paradise is fair and bright- cockaygne is finer sight†. The author gives us all the assets of this wonderful land but we quickly realized that there are not a lot of differences between the Land of Cockaygne and Heaven: as in Eden and in Cockaygne there is no care for labor (line 18) there is no nightfall (line 26) – no quarrel (line 27– no death (28) and no dangerous or harmful animals (line 31). But he excludes â€Å"common† animals from the land as horses or cows, which is a bit paradoxical because they are not harmful. So we may relate those exclusions with the absence of labour : people in that land do not have to take care of it. By then, we see that the author invites us to believe that every unpleasant things simply do not exist in that world : as the muck because there is no animal , or bad weather and even blindness. However one element is often repeated in the description of the land which is the elements of food and alcohol and this latter does not exist in Heaven, which is one of its defect : â€Å"no alcoholic drink at all l. 12†. According to me we can associate these references to gluttony, one of the seven deadly sins which is also one of the folkloric feature of the Cockaygne imagery. So first we only have a â€Å"classic† presentation of a â€Å"perfect† Utopia, of an unrealistic place but when we keep reading, we notice that the description of the rivers which are rivers of oil, milk, honey and wine ( which by the way echoes Paradise’s rivers) introduces this notion of absurd and satire that we will find all along the text. Indeed at first we can think that this description is only a metaphor in order to praise, to speak highly of the Land of Cockaygne, a kind of continuity of the previous description. But when we reach the second part of the poem we understand that we should take this description seriously because there is in this land an abbey which is completely made of food : as we can see from line 51 to 62 =gt; the author here introduces a folkloric imagery which obviously makes us smile and we can help to imagine that building made of food. And once again, line 61-62, there is another invitation to gluttony: in this wonderful world we can eat everything we want and when you want as well. So here, the author clearly underlines that the monks are living in idealistic and surrealistic world and we may be question the credibility of the monks because at the end of the Middle Ages there was a sort of â€Å" anti-monastic† criticism. The monastery was seen at that time as a place secluded from the world in which monks could play and do their task. This satire may be directed against the Cistercian abbey. As I found on the website of Millet, the Cistercian were a reformed order who followed a stricter and more ascetic way of life than the ordinary black Benedictine monks In our text, the monastery fit with the tradition of Cockaygne ( line 54 to 66) and indeed George Ellis published in his novel In Specimens of Early English Poets ( 1790) a 13th century French poem called â€Å"the Land of Cockaign† where I quote the houses were made of barley sugar and cakes, the streets were paved with pastry, and the shops supplied goods for nothing. And it’s also a mixture of LOCUS AMOENUS of medieval romance, as I aid previously in the introduction. A definition of the LOCUS AMOENUS (that I found on the internet) : it’s a literary term which refers to an idealized place of safety or comfort. It is often a beautiful, shady lawn or open woodland with connotation of Eden. There are 3 recurrent patterns in a LOCUS AMOENUS : water; grass and trees and we find an accumulation of all of these elements in our text and it give us the impression that the author is exaggerating, that is a parody of the LOCUS AMOENUS Then, in a new episode, we are asked to believe that roasted geese and larks fly in the sky into the abbey and that they announced themselves with a kind of cry I QUOTE line 114 : â€Å" geese all hot, all hot†. It is obviously an absurd scene that invites us to picture the whole scene and there is even a kind of contrast we the previous passage with the birds which are sweetly singing. Obviously the author’s purpose is to amuse the reader, to distract him from the real life. Then, the poet finally tells us the lifestyle of the monks of the abbey. They are young (l. 121) and they are able to flight and no birds can compete them because they have â€Å" Fluttering sleeves and hoods† (l. 126). We know also that they do not obey their Abbot so in order to make them land, he has to beat a maiden’s rear as if he was, actually, giving them the hour in order that they start working again. Once they land, they start to â€Å"dance† around the girl giving her a pat on her rear as well. The poet records us the scene as if it was a common event, a kind of ritual that they do every day. In this episode is a mixture of both absurd and satire. Indeed the author gives us a completely different image, aspect of the monastery’s life, we have a caricature of the monks: they do not respect their vow of obedience and in the next part we will see that they did not respect their vow of chastely as well. In the last part of the poem, we are invited to see another â€Å"side† of the religion: it’s the description of a nunnery. As the monks, the nuns are young (l. 152) and during the hot days of summer they swim naked in one of the fourth river of the Land. As I read in T. D Hill’s explication: the sweet milk, the boating and the naked swimming are supposed to underline their innocence and even their chastity. But obviously the monks see them and they â€Å"instruct† the nuns. It’s a new aspect of the folkloristic Cokaygne which is the sexuality. The act of intercourse in the medieval text, is always â€Å"subtle†, is always paraphrased and here in terms of prayers and dancing. It’s a criticism and a satire of the clerical life, the vows of chastity is not respected. And eventually, the poem closes on another folkloric feature of Cockaygne: the one who will sleep the much will be rewarded and, I QUOTE : â€Å" and the monk who sleep the best – and gives himself a thorough rest- may if he cultivates the habit- hope to end up as Father Abbot. It’s a reference to sloth one of the deadly sins. It’s completely absurd because even now days we will never be rewarded is we do nothing, it will be great if it was true = the aim here is again to make us dream. Then, the end of the text gives us the key to enter into the Land of Cockaygne : we have for seven years, I QUOTE â€Å" wade through pigshit to his chin – the pleasure of Cockaygne to win†. We may interpret it by the fact that we have endured a harsh life in order to have the right to enjoy such bliss. We have to experience a penance to access the land but once again the penance is quite absurd, which is aligned with the tone of the entire poem. Moreover the end of the poem can be considered as a parody of a moral that we found at the end of tall tales To conclude we easily understand that of course this kind of text does not have a serious purpose. The aim of the poem is to allow the reader to enter into a world where all the restrictions of the society are defies, were sexual liberty is open and where food is plentiful. Moreover it is also a kind of text that mix all sort of genres in order to be accessible to everyone.

Authors on Deception Essay

Authors on Deception Essay Authors on Deception Essay Throughout our Eng. 101 course, we have covered several different authors who have delved into experiences and controversies involving deception. Although each author, Orwell, Haizlip and Viorst, writes about unique situations and occurrences concerning deception, all are issues pertaining to most if not all humans, including myself. Each required reading for me personally was a unique and intriguing doorway that opened to different paths upon personal reflection, question, and thought. Shooting an Elephant by George Orwell is a story involving a young, ill-educated, sub-divisional police officer stationed in lower Burma. His self-deception is put on display as he narrates his perception of how he is perceived and vice-versly from those around him. The writing specifically follows the decision to shoot an elephant and the consequences that may follow. In consciousness of Orwell’s experience, I have witnessed (and been a part of) actions that could have been solely based on the views of â€Å"on lookers†, even though personally I may have felt differently. Positions ranging from casually procrastinating to as unnerving as bullying solely based on miniscule differences. These outcomes (mostly mistakes) grounded from thoughts of others were mine alone to make, thus I accept full responsibility resembling Orwell as he must live with the decision he has made regardless of how or why it was made. I hope that I can not only recognize this truth but continue to implement positive changes to help better myself and those around me. Shirlee Haizlip wrote on the subject of â€Å"Passing†. The essay depicts several forms of deception and deceit. Including the deception of our own image in the eyes of others, their image portrayed in our eyes, and even how we identify with our own image. The term passing, the title of the writing, can even be defined as, â€Å"the deception that enables a person to adopt certain roles or identities from whic h he/she would be barred by prevailing social standards in the absence of his/hers misleading conduct.† (Kennedy, par. 1) Comparable to Orwell, we can all relate to the subject matter whether we do or do not consciously admit it. â€Å"Passing† helped me realize that while racial passing directly may not be overwhelmingly obvious in my personal everyday life, it represents itself in similar means. Such as how people adapt differently to unique social environments, parents input can alter personal belief as well as generally living of your life can change the deception of that belief and so forth. We must take into consideration that all distinctive circumstances may not be palpable as an individual but may concur in the lives of others or even in our own indirectly. Analogous to previously stated authors, Viorst’s essay on lying explores the subject/forms of deception. Naturally in deception and deceit itself, lying. She covers the subject by attempting to categorize the different reasoning of deceit

How to Convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin

How to Convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin Fahrenheit and Kelvin are two common temperature scales. The Fahrenheit scale is used in the United States, while Kelvin is an absolute temperature scale, used worldwide for scientific calculations. While you might think this conversion wouldnt occur much, it turns out there is a lot of scientific and engineering equipment that uses the Fahrenheit scale! Fortunately, it is easy to convert Fahrenheit to Kelvin. Fahrenheit to Kelvin Method #1 Subtract 32 from the Fahrenheit temperature.Multiply this number by 5.Divide this number by 9.Add 273.15 to this number. The answer will be the temperature in Kelvin. Note that while Fahrenheit has degrees, Kelvin does not. Fahrenheit to Kelvin Method #2 You can use the conversion equation to perform the calculation. This is especially easy if you have a calculator that allows you to enter the whole equation, but its not difficult to solve by hand. TK (TF 459.67) x 5/9 For example, to convert 60 degrees Fahrenheit to Kelvin: TK (60 459.67) x 5/9 TK 288.71 K Fahrenheit to Kelvin Conversion Table You can also estimate a temperature by looking up the closest value on a conversion table. There is a temperature where the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales read the same temperature. Fahrenheit and Kelvin read the same temperature at 574.25. Fahrenheit (Â °F) Kelvin (K) -459.67 Â °F 0 K -50 Â °F 227.59 K -40 Â °F 233.15 K -30 Â °F 238.71 K -20 Â °F 244.26 K -10 Â °F 249.82 K 0 Â °F 255.37 K 10 Â °F 260.93 K 20 Â °F 266.48 K 30 Â °F 272.04 K 40 Â °F 277.59 K 50 Â °F 283.15 K 60 Â °F 288.71 K 70 Â °F 294.26 K 80 Â °F 299.82 K 90 Â °F 305.37 K 100 Â °F 310.93 K 110 Â °F 316.48 K 120 Â °F 322.04 K 130 Â °F 327.59 K 140 Â °F 333.15 K 150 Â °F 338.71 K 160 Â °F 344.26 K 170 Â °F 349.82 K 180 Â °F 355.37 K 190 Â °F 360.93 K 200 Â °F 366.48 K 300 Â °F 422.04 K 400 Â °F 477.59 K 500 Â °F 533.15 K 600 Â °F 588.71 K 700 Â °F 644.26 K 800 Â °F 699.82 K 900 Â °F 755.37 K 1000 Â °F 810.93 K Do Other Temperature Conversions Converting Fahrenheit to Kelvin is not the only temperature conversion you may need to be familiar with. You may want to learn to convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin in any combination Celsius to FahrenheitFahrenheit to CelsiusCelsius to KelvinKelvin to FahrenheitKelvin to Celsius

Scientific Uncertainty Web-Based Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Scientific Uncertainty Web-Based - Assignment Example He is concurrently vice chairman of the International Academy of Education (The Heartland Institute, 2012b). Its stated mission is the discovery, development, and promotion of social and economic solutions to problems based on free-market economics (The Heartland Institute, 2012c). It is a fierce skeptic of global warming. Their agenda seems non-partisan, but the ties of the leader suggest being pro-big business, as a prominent Republican. Consequently its values are those of the conservatives (The Heartland Institute, 2012; University of Illinois, 2012). NASA is a global warming proponent and posits that human activities are at the core of recent unprecedented trends towards warming with consequences to humans and the ecology. It is a government entity receiving funding from the current Democratic leadership. Its agenda cum mission is implied in its stand: to present mainstream scientific data on climate change. Its values are nonpartisan, science-based, and arguably tinged with Dem ocratic principles owing from the Democratic leadership (NASA, 2012). Skeptical Science has as its mission essentially the advancing of climate change arguments and the debunking of arguments against climate change science by deniers and skeptics of climate change. It has support from a wide stratum of scientists and academicians with nonpartisan interests throughout the world, and is a repository of data and articles that support its implied mission. Its values seem to include openness, diversity, and inclusion of all available data, without prejudice, and with no funding or overt agenda other than the truth (Cook, 2012). 2. Key Evidence Presented by Websites on Ice Melt and Climate Change, Stated Evidence Sources Skeptical Science updates evidence and data about climate change routinely, coming from contributors who are scientists and academics from all over the world. Examples include experiments on computer modeling relating to the way the permafrosts are being thawed due to cli mate change, citing prior research by reputable scientists published in Nature GeoScience in 2012. Another example details results of studies on climate change with data inputs from African data sampling expeditions, as well as other permafrost melting studies, all referenced and published in reputable scholarly journals (Cook, 2012). NASA likewise cites evidence from scholarly sources, including from the National Research Council, the UNSW Climate Change Research Center in Sydney, the journal Science, and the IPCC. For instance, evidence with regard to man-made global warming and the fast pace of its acceleration over the last 1,300 years are documented and presented in the NASA site, complete with graphical presentations of CO2 emissions over the past 650,000 years, and properly referenced from an IPCC report. Ice core research confirming global warming trends were attributed and visibly cited from a 2006 research study by the National Research Council (NASA, 2012). The Heartland Institute in turn presents data that refute ice melt and global climate change, coming from sources reportedly from the US Energy Information Administration, among others. (The Heartland Institute, 2012). One paper presented as an article containing arguments against the reality of global warming meanwhile, from the Heartland Insti

Criminal justice system Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Criminal justice system - Research Paper Example This paper describes the criminal justice system and its importance. The paper concludes with a brief summary of the main content as well as the perception of the author in respect to the topic. Undeniably, the criminal justice system is a broad area. The following is a discussion of importance of studying criminal justice system as well as the comparison between United States of America’s criminal justice system and the international criminal justice system. Proper criminal justice system attempts to restore peace and harmony within a given society. Hence, by training people on criminal justice systems, a society or nation prepares itself in experiencing remarkable peace and harmony as the trained personnel carry out their duty in preventing and reducing crimes. This marks the first significance of studying criminal justice system. Other than equipping people with skills and knowledge, studying criminal justice system enables the learners not only to understand but also appreciate forms of crimes and how they can be reduced or prevented within the society. In addition, studying of criminal justice system provides an opportunity to an individual to understand and appreciate different forms of institutions, public or private, which are actively involved in preventing and reducing crimes. Since criminal law is studied within the criminal justice system, studying the latter informs learners on criminal and other branches of law. Indeed, studying criminal justice system is very vital for ensuring maintenance of law and order with an aim of restoring peace and harmony. United States versus International Criminal Justice Systems United States of America being a western country has different criminal justice system from other international parties especially the non-western countries. USA unlike other international cou ntries has varied goals and conceptions of criminal justice systems. For instance, USA practices the Anglo-Saxon legal culture and system in achieving goals and concepts of criminal justice. Following the culture and system of Anglo-Saxon principles, USA has developed varied legal ideologies in comparison to those of the international arena. In this respect, USA has for a long time through the tradition relied on emphasizing rights of defendants during the trial process as opposed to other international countries such as United Kingdom whose criminal justice system emphasizes on punishing the guilty persons (Reichel, 2007). In addition, America’s processes and procedures in determining the innocence of an individual especially within the court rooms significantly vary from other international countries. Training of personnel to take up positions, functions, and responsibilities within criminal justice department vary

Analysis of Tesco Website and Finances

Analysis of Tesco Website and Finances Introduction: In this task I am looking at three different methods of appropriate to the users needs of Tesco. The three methods I be doing is a report of the Tescos business e.g. finance, chart of showing the financial report and a web page. I also be producing a corporation communications e.g. poster. Then I also am evaluating the external corporate communication of an existing product or service. In the last, I will be evaluating the effectiveness of business information and its communication as key contributors to the success of an organisation, using examples to illustrate your point which will cover P1,P2 and P3.          Report: Tesco Internal results 2014/2015: For the UK like-for-like sales it had decreased by 4.6%, which was impacted by the strong competition by its rivals across the grocery market, there was headwinds such as price cuts and fewer untargeted promotions. Tesco had an  £0.9bn Group trading profit with a year-on-year decline which reflected the challenges of its UK business. Tesco had its Total UK online sales raised to 11%; with like-for-like sales growth of +0.8% in UK convenience stores. The Interim dividend was at 1.16p as previously announced; with full-year capital expenditure reduced to  £2.1bn. The New Executive team in place was reviewing all strategic options to create a greater shareholder value. Preliminary results 13/14: Tesco has had an  £3.3bn trading profit year-on-year decline which they must reflects the challenges of its operations in UK and Europe. For the final dividend it was maintained at 10.13p, which has given them a full-year dividend of 14.76p. Moreover the UK sales exc. petrol had risen by +0.8%, which had a lower net new space contribution than previously planned. There has been strong UK growth in the online grocery department by +11% and its Express LFL had risen by+1.1%. Moreover, in the UK LFL inc. VAT, exc. petrol was reduced by 1.3% as this was caused by the transformation of the general merchandise which means it was made weaker and has an highly increasing competitive grocery market in the second half. There has been near 300 UK stores which has been refreshed this year with the typical sales uplift in the range 3% +5%. Also there has been ongoing multichannel focus with grocery home shopping launched in five countries around the globe. There has been a consistent approach to capital discipline, returns and cash. Internal results 13/14: There was a  £1.6bn trading profit which means that there was good progress in the UK and its operations across Europe. Moreover, the interim dividend was maintained at 4.63p and the UK sales exc. petrol had risen by +1.7%, which had lower net new space contribution than previously planned. The Sales was supported by strong growth in the online grocery department which was +13% in the UK and also +54% overseas. Also, UK Food LFL had improved by +1.0% in Q2; the UK trading margin remained stable at 5.2%. Furthermore, the total UK LFL was decreased by the initial work for the transformation of the general merchandise business, with it being ahead of the intended migration to higher margin, with higher-growth categories. Additionally, average large-store refreshes there had been a sales uplift from the range 3%-5%, which had improved margin. For the Q2 UK Clothing it had a sales grow th of +8.6%. The United States Strategic review concluded with the sale of the Fresh Easy to Yucaipa there had been a Partnership formed with CRE which had given Tesco a 20% stake in Chinas leading food retailer. There has been a consistent approach to its future growth, capital discipline, returns and cash. For the preliminary results 12/13: there was an  £3.5bn trading profit which its year by year performance largely reflected the reinvestment for the UK. Also its final dividend was maintained at 10.13p, which gave a full-year dividend of 14.76p. It had good progress in the UK, which delivered improved results for its customers and for Tesco. The report showed a strong online performance: with the Group sales doing especially well as it made over  £3bn for the first time which had risen by 13%. There was confirming exit from the United States which its process was well-advanced. For the F+F brand clothing its sales were now over  £1bn in the UK alone, which had +9% LFL sales growth. This shows that the company has a clear approach on its future growth, the capital expenditure, also the returns and cash, providing highly intended clarity for its shareholders. The Internal results 12/13: it had Group sales which had risen by 1.4% to  £36.0bn (which was up by 3.2% at constant ra tes); the Group sales exc. petrol has risen to 1.6% with an increased 3.7% at constant rates. Moreover for the statutory profit before tax has decreased at 11.6 % to  £1.7bn; there has been an underlying profit before the tax which has been decreased to 8.5% to  £1.8bn. Furthermore, for the group trading profit which made  £1.6bn, this has decreased by 10.5% and in the UK has been decreased by 12.4% to  £1.1bn; with its International operations also decreasing by 17.1% to  £0.4bn; there has been an amazing report with the Tesco Bank as this was has done the most successful which has raised by 114% to  £94m. Additionally, the report also says the underlying diluted eps reduction which was at 7.9% and the interim dividend per share was maintained at 4.63p. Also the group capital expenditure had been brought down from  £2.1bn to  £1.6bn which is a  £500 million drop; which will mean that it is on track for a full year reduction to  £3.2bn. Preliminary results 11/12: For the Group sales it has risen 7.4% to  £72.0bn, which was up 5.9% exc. petrol. Also the Statutory profit before tax had risen by 5.3% to  £3.8bn; there has been an underlying profit before tax up 1.6% to  £3.9bn. For the Group trading profit it has risen by 1.3% to  £3.8bn; Also the UK was down by 1 % to  £2.5bn; with International up by an amazing 17.7% to  £1.1bn. Also the Underlying diluted EPS growth of 2.1%; which the dividend per share growth was 2.1%. There have been results in line with the latest market consensus. It has had an increase in return on the capital employed to 13.3%; In the year 2014/15, 14.6% target was maintained. The financial strategy has put increased focus on them delivering a sustainable business growth, improving returns and higher level of cash generation. Also there has been reducing Group capital expenditure from  £3.8bn in 2011/12 to  £3.3bn in 2012/13. References: http://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=864, http://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=732, http://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=676, http://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=538, http://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=261, http://www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=163 The report is for the shareholders of the business because they want to know that whats happening in the business, if the business is making profit or loses. The purpose of this information is to update knowledge of the shareholders. Finance statistics: Year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Profit ( £ millions) 62,537 67,074 71,402 70,712 70,894 The audience of this information is the shareholders and the people who want to buy the shares of Tescos because the information shows how the business is doing in terms of profits, which will help the shareholder update knowledge about the business. Web page: Tescos web page contains lot of feature for example they have navigation bar and search bar which helps the customer to get straight to what they are looking for e.g. Tesco direct, club card. They also advertise their own food by using Tesco products and make videos of that which they upload on YouTube and give link on to their web page as you can see. They also have slideshow, pictures; offers to engage with customers, so they buy the products from Tesco and to show what offers and new products are coming. The audience of this information is the customers who more often shop online because they busy or dont have time to visit and buy from the stores. The purpose of this information is to keep their customers buying Tescos products even seating at home and get their online shopping delivered to their house. Which makes the customer happy and saves they time. P4 Evaluation of an external corporative communications of an existing product or service: Nike Professionalism: Nike created this trainer with lot of professionalism because the shape of the trainer attracts customers and specially the colours and the material which they used, make the trainers unique and stand out to the customers. Immediate impact: The immediate impact when you first see the trainer is that the colours which they have used is a stand out to the customers and the Nike logo part is very attractive to the customers because of it has the mixture colours as you can see. It also have white and black doted bottom base of the trainer which make it more stand out the overall look of the trainer. Memorable: I think the trainer is memorable because the colures and the art of unique logo part seats in the customers mind. Also the design of the trainer will remain in customers mind because you dont see many trainers made of this design and colours. The trainer has an orange colour bottom which is very eye catching and memorable colour. Keeps with the image of the organisation? /How does this help the business or organisation? I think the trainer keeps the image of the business because Nike business is mainly known to its trainers and the quality of the material which they used to make the trainers. It helps the business because the trainer is well designed and made which means the customers will buy the trainer and the business will get more customers and make profit. Advantages: It keeps the feet warm and dry even in the most extreme conditions. It is well made and designed which will attract more customers to the business. The colours used are very memorable e.g. purple, orange etc. Disadvantages: Its only made for woman. Its very expansive, so some people wont buy it. Some people may not like the shape of the trainer. Nike The product which I will be talking about is Nikes trainers. Nike communicated well with their customers thought advertising the product e.g. poster on busses and bus stops. This is important because if the business does advertisement to promote their products, this makes an awareness of the product to people. This also helps to get more customers and let the people known about the business. The objectives of Nike are that to put awareness of their products and business, increase sales, gain customer trust and to give good quality products to customers. This communication of advertising has helped the business to be successful achieving these objectives. Advertising increased product awareness because when business advertise a product, people see it and the product get known to people, which also increase the sale of the business because when your product is well known to people, they buy from your company. When the business gain customers trust than customers will buy all of th e business products because they know the business is trustable and sell good quality of products which means the business will make profit. If the business continues to make profit every year then the marketing share price and the market shares will increase. Nike also used professional footballers to promote they products e.g. Rooney, Ronaldo etc. This shows the customers that Nike is big bread and most famous footballers use their products, which makes them to buy the same products which they wearied to feel just like them. this is very helpful to business because most of the people watches football, so when they see they favourite footballers using Nikes products, they will get interested in the product and buy it, which will help the business to gain more customers and trust. It also achieves one of Nikes objective of making profit because customers will buy Nikes products because of the professional footballers advertisement. Nike promotion was good because they achieved the o bjectives by using professional footballers; posters etc to keep their relationship good with customers because if the customers arent happy with the business then they wont buy the product and the sale will go down. The bad thing about the promotion was that it cost a lot to promote a product using famous footballers because you dont know if customers even like the product or not or they will buy it or not, so its a risk that you even can get the money back which the business used in promotion. Conclusion In this assignment, I have created a report, graph about the finance of the Tesco and also I have analysed the webpage of Tesco. Then I have evaluated an external corporative communications of an existing product or service which I done Nike trainer. In the last I choose a business which is Nike and evaluated the effectiveness of the business information and its communication as key contributors to the success of an organisation.

Learning Materials Found in the National Library of Philippines

Last Saturday though the library is only open till 3pm, I manage to revisit the National Library with a special friend, even though I am very much familiar with the materials that this library use and have, I still push to go there to make a list of these things. As I enter the library, I notice that we first logged to the log book gave by the library guards, and these comes in my first list. I was not able to ask the guard the reason for this, but I am sure that this is a part of their security measure. For instance, on that day, something happened and all on the list that they have with the guard may be use as witness for it. Then, we went to luggage counter to deposit our bags. This is also their way to protect their library from thieves. If you are a first timer in this library, you are required to have a library I. D. Before, when it was my first time, with my classmates, we all pay for the ID, which is worth P50. 00, surprisingly; it is still worth like that. Before you can enter the library as visitor, but now my friend with me, they also require him to have an ID. As I was waiting for my friend to fill up his form in applying an ID for the library, something caught my attention. It was an old Catalog box filled with index cards with list of names and personal information. Then I thought of that maybe these are the ID cards of those who use to be here, just imagine how long this library is running. As we are waiting for the ID, the Elevator caught my attention. The last time we went here, I remember that we used it with my clan. At the right side of the elevator, there you can see the restroom for the user and the office of the personnel of the library. I believe that the office is air conditioned, because the dew and fog made by the air-con which is very visible because of the glass walls. As we go upstairs, students were checking on the computers set for the easy books access. This is the library I saw that uses this kind of technology. You can find here the information that can help you find the books that u need at ease. Once you type the idea of what you need in the book, the computer will give you list of different books, thesis, newspaper, magazines, dissertation and such that is related to your desired book. Aside from that, it will also give you the information about what stations you can find it, author, page, year and lots. If you listed the target books, you will next go to the stations that the computer gave you, for instance the General Books. This station generally composed of books like dictionaries, Bibles, Encyclopedias and such. Each station is air-conditioned but smells like old books. Aside from making the visitors feel comfortable, the main function of this is to take good care of the books, because high temperature will lessen the books’ life span. Each station have place for the visitor like reading stations. These composed of tables and chairs perfect if the book barrower needs a lot of time with the desired books he have. Next item that I have is the small piece of paper given by the library personnel. In this paper, you will write the information you got from the computers of you desired books. This will be given to the library personnel inside the book gallery which will be replaced by another paper containing the book number and book shell of your desired book. This makes the searching easier. Also I notice, in every stations we passed thru, there they have a mini museum of our national treasures and history memorabilia. Before I remember, it took my friends a lot of time here than searching for their books. Aside from that, they also have a photo copy station which becomes very useful during my research making last semester, although pages that are allowed to be copied are very limited. I am not really aware of what is the objective of me going here just to get a list again of the materials that the library have and use, but then I realize at the middle of my list I wrote books. The main reason why people go in a library is they have a need for a certain book, and library without a book in it is not a library. As I was there I also use that opportunity to also read about my present studies in my different subject as part of my advance study.

Do Not Go Gentle Into That Night Analysis Sample

Go Gentle Into That Good Night,† emphasizes that death should not be accepted; It should be fought with rage and anger through his Incorporation of Intense word choice, figurative language, and dark imagery. Thomas' incorporation of lugubrious language illustrates that death should not be accepted. Repeating words such as â€Å"rage,† â€Å"dying,† and â€Å"night,† the reader is emotionally drawn to the perils associated with death. Where each word appears, the plea Is to not succumb or fall easily Into death, do not move away from the light and fall Into the night.Through these powerful and Intense words. He reader completely understands that fighting death is not just an option but a necessity. He promotes this idea with the words â€Å"burn,† â€Å"grieve,† and â€Å"blind. † When a soul accepts death, he becomes blind, the soul will burn, and those left behind will grieve. Through these actions, the reader understands that not figh ting death leads to peril for more than just the life which has been lost-the family is left to mourn and anguish over the validity of the life which Just easily gives way to the darkness.The author's utilization of metaphors further perpetuates the need to fight the letches of death. Through â€Å"wise men† and â€Å"good men† the emphasis is placed on the ideals that each comparison renders. The educators, philosophers, professors and educated represent the logic associated with dying. These men depict that death Is unavoidable and an Inevitable and logical occurrence. With death, one should understand that It will occur and that nothing more needs to be considered. No emotions should be unveiled in the midst of dying because it is simply what is supposed to happen.However, Thomas insists that even the mean of intelligence, in he grip and clutch of death, will react emotionally and will fight at will to overcome what they declare illustrating the hypocrisy behind the ir teachings and the logic behind not accepting death. In addition, the author's use of the metaphor â€Å"good men† drives home his continual assertion of â€Å"rag[long]† against the â€Å"night. † These mere stepping stone into a better place, Heaven. One does not really die. The soul just moves onto where it should be, and with this ideology and promotion of faith, death should not be seen as the end, Just the beginning.In contrast to what is reached, Thomas distinguishes that at the time of the impending peril and release of the soul to this sanctuary, the men of faith fight and cling onto breathing and remaining alive. The author's point of these comparisons is to validate that one must not fall prey to the words of logic or the words of faith because each emphasizes by action that living is worth the fight and until the last breath is drawn, one must â€Å"rage, rage against the dying of the light. † Through fierce tactile imagery, the author insis ts that one must assert the need to live.Upon the â€Å"dying of the light,† one's desire to remain alive must â€Å"burn and rave at the close of day. † To go willing, even at â€Å"old age† is not an option. He propagates that the will must be ignited and the fire within must fume and fight against the extinguishing of the light. The reader feels the urgency of keeping the light burning and not allowing the day to end. The need is intense and immediate. Thomas further clarifies this position with the images achieved through â€Å"curse† and â€Å"bless† with â€Å"fierce tears. † The passion is felt; the anger is achieved; the fight is exalted.The reader is pulled into Thomas' feelings, his anger, and his desire for his own father to reach beyond the limitations of death and fight back. With this fight, the gift is granted and death can no longer achieve the â€Å"dying of the light. † Through Thomas' style, readers are moved to und erstand that death is not something which should Just be accepted-it should be fought with fierce and intense force. Although inevitable, the grip of death can sometimes be avoided if one is willing to â€Å"rage† against it, hold onto the ideas of tomorrow, and insist that the day not end.

Descartes A Paradigm Shift in Philosophical Thinking Essay

Descartes, often referred to as the â€Å"father of modern philosophy,† solidified his foundational role in abstract thinking with his work â€Å"Meditations on First Philosophy.† This piece sought to prove the existence of God, as well as provide a criticism of our epistemic standards and values. By undergoing a thought experiment that involved a form of methodological skepticism, Descartes attempted to analyze his beliefs from a clean surface, to see how many of his typical thoughts and beliefs he would be able to keep. Any form of doubt about a belief or topic would warrant its removal from Descartes’ metaphorical table, and unsurprisingly, that table was quite empty. The persistence of Descartes’ work is not due to a lack of†¦show more content†¦Using the afore-mentioned notion of methodological skepticism, Descartes attempts to abandon everything that he could possibly doubt. Interestingly, he even allows some room for the pressing atheist, claiming that he has â€Å"no reply† (at this point in his meditations) towards arguments that God is fictitious (Descartes 137). He takes this a step further, and claims that if he is reforming his beliefs from a clean slate, he cannot even be aware that he is awake. Rooted in the notion that our senses are fallible, Descartes wonders if it is possible to be aware that what we are doing is actually reality. Through the regular deception of our senses (via mirages, misinterpretations, fallibility†¦) it is possible that we are deceived in ways that are outside of what we typically consider a deception. Descartes represents this metaphorically thorough the idea of a demon that has no other purpose then to deceive him in every way. He harkens to the notion that when we dream, we take what is appearing before us to be real. Furthermore, whatever you use to tell you are not dreaming could merely be part of the dream. 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